Copy-book



EDWARD P. OONNER, OF ALAMEDA, CALIFORNIA.

COPY-BOOK.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 308,141, dated November 18, 1884.

' Application filed November 16, 1883. (Model) To all whom it "may concern.-

Be it known that I, EDWARD P. OoNNER, of Alameda, in the county of Alameda and State of California, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Copy-Books, of which the following is a full, clear, and exact description.

My invention relates to copy-books designed for instruction in penmanship; and it consists in the peculiar construction and arrangement of the parts, as hereinafter more fully set forth, and pointed out in the claims.

Reference is to be had to the accompanying drawings, forming part of this specification, in which similar letters of reference indicate corresponding parts in all the figures.

Figure 1 represents an exterior face view of my improved copy-book closed. Fig. 2 is a transverse section of the same on the line :0 m in Fig. 1. Fig. 3 is a face view with a copy and the position card on the exterior of one half of the cover exposed. Fig. 4. is a similar view to Fig. 3, but showing the leaf having the exposed copy shown in Fig. 3 as in the act of being turned to expose a new or different copy. Fig. 5 is a transverse section on the line 3 y in Fig. 3, showing also the support in a detachable form by which the book is held in position while being used. Fig. 6 is a like View to Fig. 3, but with the book reversed, and showing the other half of the cover exposed. Fig. 7 is a similar view to Fig. 5, but showing the support which holds the book in position as a permanent attachment; and Fig. 8 is a perspective view of said support in its detached form.

A A indicate the two half-covers of the book, each of which is represented as externally faced by a position-card, B,that illustrates the proper position for holding the pen.

O G are the leaves, on both faces of which maybe the texts or copies to be imitated. These leaves and their half covers are united together by means of a pivot, b, in the center of the length of the book near its upper, or it might be near its lower, margin. The pivot thus binding the book may either be a rivet, screw, or eyelet.

D is the book-support, which may be made of card-board bent or creased, as at 0, near its upper end, and may either be a loose and detachable device, as in Figs. 5 and 8, or may be bound in with the book by the pivot 12, as in Fig. 7, and which may shut up with the book, and that when spread out or extended, as in Figs. 5 and 7, serves to expose the copy and its exposed half-cover in a suitable inclined position to catch the eye of the pupil.

To use the book, turn it bodily upside down, then turn its one-half cover A on the pivot 1) half a circle either to the right or left to bring its position-card B in proper position and to properly expose the copy 8 on the one side of its first leaf 0, as shown in Fig. 3. Each leaf 0 is successively turned behind its front halfcover A to expose the next copy 8 upon the next leaf, which is shown as in the act of being done in Fig. 4, and this is continued until all the copies on the one side of the leaves have been utilized. The book then is reversed so as to bring the half-cover A in front, as shown in Fig. 6, and the leaves, having copies 8 upon the opposite sides of them, are similarly and consecutively exposed till the last leaf has been reached. In some cases the copies or studies may only be arranged upon the one side of the leaves, when only the one half-cover may have a position-card on it, and the book will not require to be reversed to utilize it in both directions. Double the number of copies, however, will be obtained by utilizing both sides of the leaves. WVhen the support D is not bound into the book, as in Fig. 7, its shorter bent end is placed near the pivot 11, between the half-cover and the leaves, as shown in Fig. 5, and the whole adjusted to stand the book with its exposed copy and position-card in the required upright orinclined position. It is preferred, however, to permanently attach the support D by the pivot b to the book, as in Fig. 7. If the leaves be made of heavy paper, then the half-covers may be made lighter to secure a proper support of the exposed leaves.

Having thus described my invention, what I IOO covers by a central pivot, 1), near their one pivot, b, whichbindsthehalf-covers and leaves margin, substantially as specified. together, essentially as described.

2. The combination, with t e half-covers A T A and leaves 0, having the copies on them, CON} 5 all pivoted together near their one margin, as WVitnesses:

described, of the flexible support D, in per- J OHN H. NOBMANN, J12, manent attachment with the book by the same N. W. PALMER. 

